Mandatory questions:
- (Kinda useless for the problem) Did you installed the game with Japanese locale? I didn't and it works. But, it's really suggested that you do so;
- Is the game in a folder where you have to be Admin to make changes? (Like C:/Program files);
- Win 10? I assume no, because you said that the game works.
Also, does the patch give you some kind of error? Or it just stops? People that are more expert than me can help you if you have something like that.